What Is a Binary Quadratic Model (BQM)?

A binary quadratic model (BQM) is a problem comprising a collection of binary-valued variables (variables that can be assigned two values, for example -1, 1) with associated linear and quadratic biases. 

Problems in this class include QUBO and Ising models.

The Ocean software includes the BinaryQuadraticModel class, which can contain both QUBO and Ising models. Its methods provide convenient utilities for working with, and interworking between, the two representations of a problem. See the Ocean dimod documentation for more information.

To get some hands-on practice creating small BQMs, see the Learn to Formulate Problems section in the D-Wave system documentation. 

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