What Is a Binary Quadratic Model (BQM)?

A binary quadratic model (BQM) is a problem comprising a collection of binary-valued variables (variables that can be assigned two values, for example -1, 1) with associated linear and quadratic biases. 

Problems in this class include QUBO and Ising models.

The Ocean™ software includes the BinaryQuadraticModel class, which can contain both QUBO and Ising models. Its methods provide convenient utilities for working with, and interworking between, the two representations of a problem. See the Ocean dimod documentation for more information.

To get some hands-on practice creating small BQMs, see the Learn to Formulate Problems section in the D-Wave™ system documentation. 

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